Analysis of Information and Computation in Physics Explains Cognitive Paradigms: from Full Cognition to Laplace Determinism to Statistical Determinism to Modern Approach

In this paper, we analyze the problem of prediction in physics from the computational viewpoint. We show that physical paradigms like Laplace determinism, statistical determinism, etc., can be naturally explained by this computational analysis. In our explanations, we use the notions of the Algorithmic Information Theory such as Kolmogorov complexity and algorithmic randomness, as well as the novel, more physics-oriented variants of these notions.